Ancient Olympics:

1. Wars were stopped for peaceful athletic competitions.
2. Athletes competed primarily in individual sporting events.
3. Organized to honor Zeus as part of a religious festival.
4. Open only to Greek males who competed without wearing clothes.

Modern Olympics:

1. Not influenced by wars; Games were canceled during World Wars I and II.
2. Includes both individual and team sporting events.
3. Not a religious festival; open to athletes from all nations.
4. Encourages participation from both men and women, who must wear proper sports kit.
   

   2.4 Olympics Games 
   

   1. Origin: The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece, held in Olympia around 776 BC, as a festival to honor the god Zeus.

   2. Ancient Olympics: The ancient Olympics included various athletic competitions, such as running, wrestling, and chariot racing, and were held every four years.

   3. Modern Revival: The modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896 by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, inspired by the ancient traditions, with the first modern Olympics held in Athens, Greece.

   4. Olympic Creed: The guiding principle of the modern Olympics emphasizes participation over victory, stating, “The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part.”

   5. Olympic Symbol: The Olympic symbol consists of five interlocked rings in blue, yellow, black, green, and red, representing the unity of the five continents.

   6. National Representation: Athletes compete as individuals or teams representing their countries, selected by their respective National Olympic Committees.

   7. Medals: Gold, silver, and bronze medals are awarded to the top three athletes in each event, with unique designs for each Olympic Games.

   8. Cultural Significance: The Olympics promote peace, friendship, and cultural exchange among nations, although modern games have not always been free from conflict.

   2.5  Olympic Movement
   

   1. Definition: The Olympic Movement is a concerted, organized, universal, and permanent action carried out under the supreme authority of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

   2. Scope: It covers all five continents and reaches its peak during the Olympic Games, where athletes from around the world come together.

   3. Symbol: The symbol of the Olympic Movement is five interlaced rings.

   4. Human Right: The practice of sport is recognized as a human right, allowing every individual to participate without discrimination.

   5. Values: The Olympic Movement promotes values such as friendship, respect, fair play, and sportsmanship, and stands against discrimination based on gender, race, religion, or nationality.

   6. Goal: Its primary goal is to contribute to building a peaceful and better world by educating youth through sport in accordance with Olympism and its values.

   7. Political Neutrality: Sports organizations within the Olympic Movement are required to maintain political neutrality and have the autonomy to establish and control their own rules and governance.

   8. Components: The Olympic Movement consists of three major components: the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the International Sports Federations (IFs), and the National Olympic Committees (NOCs).

   9. Inclusion: It includes various entities such as Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs), national associations, clubs, athletes, judges, referees, coaches, and other recognized institutions.

   10. Governance: The movement is governed by the Olympic Charter and IOC decisions, binding all involved organizations and entities to its provisions.