Here are the developmental characteristics at different stages of development:

1. Infancy (0-2 years):

   • Physical: Rapid growth in body weight (triples birth weight) and height (one-third increase in the first year); significant brain growth in the first 18 months.
   • Linguistic: Development of language abilities.
   • Social: Learning social abilities such as group and individual choices; beginning to value and respect people and events.

2. Childhood (2-11 years):

   • Early Childhood (2-6 years):
     • Physical: Continued growth in height and weight; development of motor skills.
     • Cognitive: Increased curiosity and exploration; beginning of logical thinking.
     • Social: Development of friendships and understanding of social roles.
   • Middle Childhood (6-11 years):
     • Physical: Steady growth; improved physical coordination and strength.
     • Cognitive: Development of more complex thinking skills; ability to understand rules and structure.
     • Social: Increased importance of peer relationships; understanding of teamwork and cooperation.

3. Adolescence (11-20 years):

   • Physical: Puberty leads to significant physical changes; growth spurts and development of secondary sexual characteristics.
   • Cognitive: Development of abstract thinking and reasoning; increased independence in thought processes.
   • Social: Exploration of identity; increased focus on peer relationships and social acceptance.

4. Adulthood (20-65 years):

   • Young Adulthood (20-40 years):
     • Physical: Peak physical condition; gradual decline in physical abilities begins.
     • Cognitive: Continued cognitive development; focus on career and personal relationships.
     • Social: Establishment of intimate relationships and families; pursuit of life goals.
   • Middle Adulthood (40-65 years):
     • Physical: Gradual physical decline; changes in health and energy levels.
     • Cognitive: Continued cognitive function; potential for peak career achievements.
     • Social: Focus on generativity; concern for the next generation and community involvement.

5. Late Adulthood (65 years and above):

   • Physical: Continued decline in physical abilities; increased health issues.
   • Cognitive: Potential decline in cognitive function; wisdom and experience become valuable.
   • Social: Reflection on life; potential for changes in social roles; importance of maintaining social connections.

These developmental characteristics highlight the changes that occur at various stages of human life, influencing behavior, abilities, and social interactions.

Sure! Here are some common adolescent problems and their management:

1. Substance Abuse: Engaging in the use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco, often influenced by peer pressure.
2. Anxiety and Depression: Mental health issues that can arise due to academic pressures, social challenges, and identity crises.
3. Body Image Issues: Concerns about physical appearance and self-esteem, often exacerbated by societal standards and media portrayal.
4. Social Isolation: Feelings of loneliness and being misunderstood, which can lead to withdrawal from social interactions.

1. Counseling and Support: Providing access to counseling services where adolescents can talk about their feelings and challenges with trained professionals.
2. Open Communication: Encouraging open dialogue between adolescents and their parents, teachers, or coaches to discuss issues and feelings without judgment.
3. Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Promoting physical activity, proper nutrition, and sleep hygiene to improve overall well-being and reduce stress.
4. Peer Support Groups: Creating or facilitating groups where adolescents can share experiences and support each other in overcoming challenges.

These points highlight some of the common issues faced during adolescence and ways to effectively manage them.