Multiple Choice Questions
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What type of joint is found in the elbow?
a) Ball and socket joint
b) Hinge joint
c) Pivot joint
d) Saddle joint
Ans: b) Hinge joint -
Which type of respiration involves the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood?
a) Internal respiration
b) Cellular respiration
c) External respiration
d) Pulmonary respiration
Ans: d) Pulmonary respiration -
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
a) To produce energy
b) To facilitate breathing
c) To provide support and protection
d) To circulate blood
Ans: c) To provide support and protection -
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?
a) Veins
b) Capillaries
c) Arteries
d) Venules
Ans: c) Arteries -
What is the main function of the heart?
a) To filter blood
b) To pump blood throughout the body
c) To absorb nutrients
d) To exchange gases
Ans: b) To pump blood throughout the body
Assertion and Reason
1. Read each Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R) question carefully. Decide whether the Reasoning is correct and whether it explains the Assertion. Choose the best answer from the options given and mark it on your answer sheet.
(b) Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning does not explain the assertion.
(c) The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
(d) The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
- (A): The skeletal system provides support and protection to the body.
(R): Bones are hard and rigid structures that can withstand pressure and protect internal organs.
Ans: (a) Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion. - (A): The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases in the body.
(R): The lungs are the primary organs involved in the process of breathing.
Ans: (a) Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion. - (A): The heart is a vital organ for circulation.
(R): It pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Ans: (a) Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion. - (A): Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
(R): They have thicker walls than veins to withstand high pressure from the heart’s pumping action.
Ans: (a) Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion. - (A): The circulatory system is essential for maintaining homeostasis.
(R): It helps regulate body temperature and pH levels through the distribution of blood.
Ans: (a) Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Match the following :
1: Match the options in Column–A with the appropriate options in Column–B.
Column-A (Type of Plant)
(1) Fern
(2) Cactus
(3) Oak Tree
(4) Grass
Column-B (Description)
A. A flowering plant that produces seeds
B. A plant that thrives in arid conditions
C. A non-flowering plant that reproduces via spores
D. A common type of grassland plant
Options:
(a) (1) → D, (2) → A, (3) → B, (4) → C
(b) (1) → A, (2) → C, (3) → D, (4) → B
(c) (1) → B, (2) → D, (3) → C, (4) → A
(d) (1) → C, (2) → B, (3) → A, (4) → D
Ans: (d) (1) → C, (2) → B, (3) → A, (4) → D
2: Match the options in Column–A with the appropriate options in Column–B.
Column-A (Type of Energy)
(1) Kinetic Energy
(2) Potential Energy
(3) Thermal Energy
(4) Chemical Energy
Column-B (Description)
A. Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds
B. Energy of a body due to its motion
C. Energy possessed by an object due to its position or state
D. Energy associated with the temperature of an object
Options:
(a) (1) → B, (2) → C, (3) → D, (4) → A
(b) (1) → D, (2) → A, (3) → C, (4) → B
(c) (1) → C, (2) → B, (3) → A, (4) → D
(d) (1) → A, (2) → D, (3) → B, (4) → C
Ans: (a) (1) → B, (2) → C, (3) → D, (4) → A
3: Match the options in Column–A with the appropriate options in Column–B.
Column-A (Type of Animal)
(1) Mammal
(2) Reptile
(3) Amphibian
(4) Bird
Column-B (Characteristic)
A. Lays eggs and has feathers
B. Cold-blooded and often has scales
C. Can live both in water and on land
D. Warm-blooded and has fur or hair
Options:
(a) (1) → A, (2) → C, (3) → B, (4) → D
(b) (1) → C, (2) → A, (3) → D, (4) → B
(c) (1) → D, (2) → B, (3) → C, (4) → A
(d) (1) → B, (2) → D, (3) → A, (4) → C
Ans: (c) (1) → D, (2) → B, (3) → C, (4) → A
Very Short Answer Type Questions
-
What is the primary function of the heart?
Ans: To pump blood throughout the body. -
What do arteries do?
Ans: They carry blood away from the heart. -
What is respiration?
Ans: The process of exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the body. -
What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
Ans: It helps to expand and contract the lungs during inhalation and exhalation. -
What is the circulatory system?
Ans: A system that transports blood, nutrients, gases, and waste throughout the body.
Short Answer Type Questions
-
Name the longest and the shortest bones in the body.
Ans: The longest bone in the body is the femur, while the shortest bone is the stapes in the ear. -
List at least two functions of the skeletal system.
Ans: The skeletal system provides support and protection for internal organs, and it also facilitates movement by serving as attachment points for muscles. -
Name the four main classifications of bones.
Ans: The four main classifications of bones are long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. -
What are the two basic classifications of a joint?
Ans: The two basic classifications of joints are immovable joints (fibrous joints) and movable joints (synovial joints). -
What is the major difference between a fibrous joint and a cartilaginous joint?
Ans: The major difference is that fibrous joints are connected by dense connective tissue and allow little to no movement, while cartilaginous joints are connected by cartilage and allow limited movement.
Long Answer Type Questions
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Elaborate the functions of the skeletal system.
Ans:- The skeletal system provides structural support to the body, allowing it to maintain its shape and posture.
- It protects vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain from injury.
- The bones serve as a reservoir for minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for various bodily functions.
- The skeletal system plays a crucial role in movement by serving as attachment points for muscles, facilitating locomotion through the contraction of muscles.
- Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, occurs in the bone marrow, making the skeletal system vital for maintaining healthy blood cell levels.
-
Describe the types of bones found in the human body and discuss their functions.
Ans:- Long bones, such as the femur and humerus, are primarily responsible for supporting weight and facilitating movement.
- Short bones, like the carpals and tarsals, provide stability and support while allowing for some flexibility in movement.
- Flat bones, such as the skull and ribs, protect internal organs and provide a surface for muscle attachment.
- Irregular bones, like the vertebrae, have complex shapes that serve various functions, including protecting the spinal cord and providing structural support.
- Sesamoid bones, such as the patella, develop within tendons and help to protect the tendon and improve its mechanical advantage during movement.
-
Write about the types of synovial joints in detail with suitable examples.
Ans:- Ball and socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip joints, allow for a wide range of motion in multiple directions.
- Hinge joints, like the elbow and knee, permit movement primarily in one plane, allowing for flexion and extension.
- Pivot joints, such as the neck (atlantoaxial joint), enable rotational movement around a single axis.
- Saddle joints, like the thumb joint (carpometacarpal joint), allow for a greater range of motion than hinge joints while maintaining stability.
- Gliding joints, found in the wrists and ankles, allow for limited movement in multiple directions, facilitating flexibility and slight adjustments in position.
4. Difference between Arteries and Veins
Ans:
| Feature | Arteries | Veins |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart | Return deoxygenated blood to the heart |
| Wall Structure | Thick, muscular walls to withstand high pressure | Thinner walls with less muscle and elastic tissue |
| Blood Flow Direction | Blood flows away from the heart | Blood flows towards the heart |
| Presence of Valves | Generally do not have valves | Often contain one-way valves to prevent backflow |
| Location in Body | Located deeper within the body | Often located closer to the surface of the skin |
Case Study Questions
John is a 45-year-old man who has recently started a regular exercise program. He was previously sedentary and had concerns about his heart health due to a family history of heart disease. After six months of consistent exercise, John has noticed improvements in his overall health and well-being.
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What is one of the primary benefits of regular exercise on heart health?
a) Increased body weight
b) Improved blood circulation
c) Decreased muscle mass
d) Increased cholesterol levels
Ans: b) Improved blood circulation -
How often should adults engage in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for optimal heart health?
a) Once a week
b) 30 minutes per month
c) 150 minutes per week
d) 60 minutes daily
Ans: c) 150 minutes per week -
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of exercise mentioned in the case study?
a) Improved mental health
b) Increased risk of heart disease
c) Better weight management
d) Enhanced cardiovascular fitness
Ans: b) Increased risk of heart disease -
What type of exercise is most beneficial for heart health?
a) Anaerobic exercise only
b) Aerobic exercise
c) Flexibility exercises only
d) Sedentary activities
Ans: b) Aerobic exercise -
After six months of regular exercise, John is likely to experience which of the following changes?
a) Decreased heart rate at rest
b) Increased blood pressure
c) Higher levels of anxiety
d) Decreased stamina
Ans: a) Decreased heart rate at rest